|
ST MATTHEW |
ST MARK |
ST LUKE |
|
SIMON (PETER) |
SIMON (PETER) |
SIMON (PETER) |
|
ANDREW (Peter’s brother) |
JAMES (Son of Zebedee) |
ANDREW (Peter’s brother) |
|
JAMES (Son of Zebedee) |
JOHN (James’ brother, son of Zebedee) |
JAMES (Jesus surnamed both, Boanerges) |
|
JOHN (James’ brother, son of Zebedee) |
ANDREW |
JOHN |
|
PHILIP |
PHILIP |
PHILIP |
|
BARTHOLOMEW |
BARTHOLOMEW |
BARTHOLOMEW |
|
THOMAS |
MATTHEW (Levi, son of Alphaeus) |
MATTHEW |
|
MATTHEW (the Publican) |
THOMAS |
THOMAS |
|
JAMES (Son of Alphaeus) |
JAMES (Son of Alphaeus) |
JAMES (Son of Alphaeus) |
|
LEBBAEUS (Surname Thaddaeus) |
THADDAEUS |
SIMON (Called Zelotes) |
|
SIMON (the Canaanite) |
SIMON (the Canaanite) |
JUDAS (Brother of James) |
|
JUDAS ISCARIOT (the betrayer) |
JUDAS ISCARIOT (the betrayer) |
JUDAS ISCARIOT (the traitor) |
|
ACTS 1: 13 |
RECONCILIATION OF VARIATIONS* |
|
PETER |
son of Jonas or John and a brother of Andrew |
|
JAMES |
Elder son of Zebedee and Salome |
|
JOHN |
Younger son of Zebedee and Salome |
|
ANDREW |
son of Jonas or John and a brother of Peter |
|
PHILIP |
Of Bethsaida |
|
THOMAS |
Thomas Didymus |
|
BARTHOLOMEW |
Nathanael of St. John (St. John never mentions Bartholomew, the others never mention Nathanael) |
|
MATTHEW |
Levi, son of Alphaeus who was married to Mary, Jesus’ aunt and also known as Cleophas (perhaps the same as Cleopas),
apparent brother to James (next on the list to distinguish him from the other James) |
|
JAMES (Son of Alphaeus) |
(the father, not brother, of Judas who is also Labbaeus Thaddaeus), the son of Mary, probably
Mary the wife of Cleophas (making Cleophas and Alphaeus the same). Possibly, he was a brother of Matthew, who is also called
a “son of Alphaeus” |
|
SIMON ZELOTES |
Member of the Zealots. The epithet Canaanite is properly “Kananite,” Aramaic for “zeal,” and has
no reference to locality. |
|
JUDAS (Brother of James) |
Probably son of James, A.K.A. Labbaeus Thaddaeus, see note (III) following |
|
Judas Iscariot, not in this list, of course |
His name was probably derived from Kerioth, a town in the country of Judah (Josh. 15:25). He was called Judas Iscariot
to distinguish him from the other Judas, the son of James |
Note: (III) The eleventh name of two lists of the apostles (Luke 6:16; Acts 1:13). He is called Ioúdas Iakombou which the
kjv translates “Judas the brother of James,” while the nasb and niv translate it “the son of James”
These two passages need to be carefully examined to see how they would be correctly translated. The gen. is used in regard
to James, Iákobon tón toú Alphaíou, “James the son of Alphaeus” (Luke 6:15) and also in regard to Judas in the
next verse, Ioúdan Iakombou, “Judas the brother of James” It is inconceivable that in the one case the gen. Alphaíou
makes James his son and the gen. Iakombou makes Judas his brother. Likewise, in Acts 1:13, Ioúdas Iakombou is translated in
the kjv “the brother of James” while it should be “the son of James” as in the nasb and the niv.
This same apostle in the other two lists does not appear as “Judas the son of James,” but he is called by his
alternate name of Lebbaeus (Matt. 10:3) and Thaddaeus (Mark 3:18).*
* The Complete Word Study Bible & Reference CD
(c) Copyright by AMG Publishers, a division of CLW Communications, Inc. 1997 All Rights Reserved.
A short search of my own reveals that St. John uses the following names of Apostles: Simon (Peter), Andrew, Philip, Nathanael
(St. John 1), Thomas (St. John 11:16, 14:5, 20:24-29), Judas, “not Iscariot” (St. John 14:22), Judas Iscariot,
“son of Simon” (St. John 6:71, seven others). None of the others, James, himself, Matthew or James, son of Alphaeus
are mentioned by name. St. John does not record this specific event nor provide a list of the Apostles separately.
A short comment on the difference between “disciple” and “apostle” may be appropriate at this time.
The Greek term for disciple was in common usage in Jesus’ day. Specifically, it meant: “a pupil, a student”;
and, when used in relation to a person or group, it meant: “a follower, one who followed a specific teaching”,
like John’s disciples, disciples of the Pharisees, Jesus’ disciples. To be a disciple, one had to receive, and
accept, the teaching of the leader or group; and, then, they had to live their life based on that teaching. There is a huge
difference between a follower and a disciple; and sometimes these terms are confusing by their usage in the
Bible. A follower is just that, “one who follows”; and, when misunderstanding, confusion, and confrontation arise
they cease to follow; and, generally, find someone or something else to follow because they are unwilling to pay the cost
of discipleship to anyone or anything. We need to insure that we are in the “disciple” group, first of all. This
is one reason for this disquisition about Jesus’ teachings.
If we don’t really know what He taught, how can we base our life thereupon? No teaching is revealed with a superficial
reading or re-reading. One must study it, time and time again. And, certainly, this is not a definitive study. Learn how the
different utterances combine to give us the real picture, the big picture. Because, our God is a great big God, with a great
big Love, with Grace beyond measure, and Forgiveness for all who answer His call, or is that our call? And, even these words:
God, Love, Grace, Forgiveness, can become so common, so popularly used, as to lose their flavor. They become platitudes and
by-words of some in-group which, by their own narrow-mindedness, leave out the very ones who need the flavoring. So Jesus
chose the word “apostle” for the name of His closest disciples, which is a transliteration of the Greek word,
“apostolos”, which, at Jesus’ time was an archaic word, rarely used. Its meaning is: one sent, an ambassador.
Given the context of His choosing these twelve, it is very appropriate that Jesus called them “apostles”. Given
the “great commission” of the church, we should, each one of us, strive to fulfill the true implications of that
calling……… or is that sending? We are first called to be a “disciple”; then, we are sent as
an “apostle”; and that is “we”, not me, not I, not you; all of us, called by the name Christian.
The only way out is to declare yourself a follower; God have mercy if you do.
Another word that has lost its savor: Christian. Anyone can claim it, hoping to improve their station in this life; anyone
can slander it, showing a total ignorance of its true implications; without any apparent fear of consequences. The 60’s
term “Jesus Freaks” at least separated the peace, love, dove group of dissenters from the totally psychedelic
drug trippers. Today, a “Christian” is anyone who “believes in God”, as opposed to those “evolutionists”
who “believe we came from a monkey”. Quite frankly, I don’t believe in the God which the evolutionists portray,
nor do I believe I descended from a monkey. Knowing what little I know about our animal relatives, and man; the difference
between rational being and instinctual animal is as distinct as “organic” and “inorganic”, without
which none of us could exist. To deny that there is some truth in man’s (the evolutionist’s) information about
the creation ignores man’s abilities of classification and naming. But, to deny that the sum total of creation is not
Intelligent beyond our wildest imagination (if you want to totally de-personify God) is equally ludicrous. I know of, at least
one, evolutionist who advocates the acceptance of a concept of Universal Mind as a replacement for the Christian God. Changing
the name does not change the object. When we all understand that what we are talking about is the “source of all life”,
we will all get much closer together; both, to each other, and to the Source.
“Christ” is a Greek word used for the Hebraic “Messiah”, which means anointed one. We capitalize
these words when in reference to Jesus. Otherwise, they are common, everyday terms applied to rulers, governors, elders, priests
and prophets. “Christian” is very quickly becoming a common, everyday term with about as much distinction as water,
rain, river, lake, ocean.
It is only by our life that we demonstrate that we are not just followers, not just disciples, but apostles of Jesus, the
Christ. It is only by our life that our name “Christian” can become anywhere close to signifying what it should.
If we don’t strive to be “the christ”, the anointed one; then we might as well join the Universal Mind crowd.
It is only by “the anointing” that we can really be “christian”; and; it is only by the Anointed One
that we can truly be called Christian. If you don’t meet His standards, you ain’t one. If you are one ………
Look at what you get: “he gave them power against unclean spirits, to cast them out, and to heal all manner of sickness
and all manner of disease.” Deny this, and you deny all that the Bible teaches about, and all that the Church believes
about, the Christ. He ain’t able? Maybe, you just ain’t willing, follower? Just want to be part of the “church
crowd”? Go and learn what that means.
|
 |
|
|
 |
|
|
 |
|
|
|